Scientists Find Secret Code in Human DNA

The scrap of someone is the treasure of the other.

An international team of scientists has found that “unwanted” DNA chains in the human genome that was previously removed that there is no important useful function in reality after all.

The work, which was published as a Ticket In the magazine Science progressIt focuses on transmitted elements, a category of DNA sequence that can “jump”, through a biological copy and copy mechanism, to different sites in the genome. These “jumping genes” take approximately 50 percent of the human DNA. In other organisms, the ratio is higher.

What researchers from Japan, China, Canada and the United States found is that a specific family of this TES, which is called Mer11, can strongly affect genetic expression and behave like “genetic keys” – without already changing the basic DNA.

“Genomna has long been sequenced, but the function of many of its parts is still unknown,” said co -author Fumitaka inoue from Kyoto University in A. statement About work.

The Mer11 sequence is what is known as the long repetition (LTR). Differently, it is believed that this was the one that originated from the IRV virus (ERV) that had been afflicted with dozens of predecessors of Seman, which led to the kidnapping of the DNA of the cells that it invaded to produce copies of its genetic composition that have never been afraid, but remained in mystery. For all researchers, at least eight percent of the human genome comes from these viruses.

This, in addition to all other TES that scattering our genome, makes a lot of A confusing chaos for the human scholars of the sea. The authors argue that the current ways to classify and clarify TES are inaccurate, which leads to the serials that are ignored as a genetic scrap. This inspired them to test their classification system.

The authors wrote in the study: “The appropriate classification and the explanation of LTR cases is very important to understand their development, choice and their potential impact on the host.”

The researchers system classified Mer11 series based on their evolutionary relationships and the extent of their well -being in the main genomics, according to the researchers’ statement. After that, they divided the Mer11 into four separate sub -films, Mer11_G1 through G4, based on their age.

This allowed the team to compare Mer11 terms with what is known as as Lagine signs: Chemicals that can affect the importance of proteins, As a result, it affects the activity of the gene. It is important, the Lagini signs do not have to change the cellular acid physically to adjust the cell behavior, such as the laxity of a gene that must be expressed. Mer11 sub -tie with marks is an essential step to detect its impact on genetic expression.

However, the team was testing about 7000 Mer11 sequences of human beings and monkeys, measuring the amount of infected genetic activity, and found that the smallest Mer11, G4 family had a strong ability to influence genetic expression – that is, through pregnancy “decorations” that attract proteins called copies that regulate what is exchanged on genes.

“The Mer11_G4 Young links to a distinctive set of copies, indicating that this group has gained various organizational functions through sequence changes and contributes to specifically,” said lead author XUN Chen of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in the statement.

Wonderful effects. Although these strands of DNA may have started as “unwanted”, they gradually abandoned a role in organizing genes today – which indicates a large part of the unknown evolutionary history that we only scratch its surface.

“It is believed that transportable elements play important roles in the development of genome, and its importance is expected to become more clear as research continues to progress.”

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